Conventional and non-invasive ventilation at the Well Baby Unit of Kanumuri Hospital in Guntur are essential respiratory support techniques used to assist newborns with breathing difficulties. These methods are vital for managing various respiratory conditions in premature infants, those with congenital anomalies, or other respiratory issues.
Conventional Ventilation
Conventional ventilation involves using mechanical ventilators that require an endotracheal tube inserted into the infant's airway.
Types:
- Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (IMV):
- Delivers a set number of breaths per minute.
- Allows spontaneous breathing between ventilator breaths.
- Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (SIMV):
- Synchronizes mandatory breaths with the infant’s own breaths.
- Reduces work of breathing and improves comfort.
- Pressure Control Ventilation (PCV):
- Delivers breaths at a set pressure to protect lung tissues.
- Volume Control Ventilation (VCV):
- Delivers a precise volume of air with each breath.
Benefits:
- Precise Control: Fine-tunes ventilation parameters.
- Effective Gas Exchange: Ensures adequate oxygenation and CO2 removal.
- Life-Saving: Essential for infants who cannot breathe independently.
Non-Invasive Ventilation
Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) uses interfaces like nasal prongs or masks, avoiding the need for an endotracheal tube.
Types :
- Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP):
- Provides constant airflow to keep airways open.
- Commonly used for preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS).
- Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure (BiPAP):
- Offers two pressure levels: higher during inhalation and lower during exhalation.
- Nasal Intermittent Positive Pressure Ventilation (NIPPV):
- Combines CPAP benefits with additional ventilatory support.
Benefits:
- Reduced Invasiveness: Avoids complications of intubation.
- Improved Comfort: More comfortable for infants.
- Enhanced Lung Protection: Lowers risk of lung injury.
Clinical Use at Well Baby Unit of Kanumuri Hospital:
- Patient Assessment: Determines suitability for either method.
- Monitoring: Continuous monitoring ensures safety and effectiveness.
- Multidisciplinary Approach: Neonatologists, respiratory therapists, and nurses collaborate for comprehensive care.
By employing both conventional and non-invasive ventilation, the Well Baby Unit at Kanumuri Hospital provides tailored respiratory support, ensuring optimal care and improved outcomes for newborns.
